Background: Post term pregnancy is associated with a number of complications. Different approaches have been introduced to overcome this problem, however, there exists still controversies.Materials and methods: A clinical trial was performed to evaluate the effects of striping membrane on pregnancy outcomes for which 155 term (GA=38-40 weeks) parturients were included. They have been randomly distributed in either f the following groups: control, experiment 1 (vaginal examination was performed weekly), and experiment 2 (stripping membrane was achieved weekly). Our exclusion criteria were: multiparity, abnormal presentation, Placenta previa, and previous history of diabetes mellitus or hypertension. ANOVA and t-test were used for data analysis.Results: The mean of gestational age was significantly differed among groups (p<0.0001). The mean latent period and the duration between hospitalization and delivery was significantly lower in the stripping membrane group (p<0.05), however, the active phase was not significantly differed. The frequency of cesarean section and oxytocin administration was lower in the stripping membrane group as compared to the TV group and in the TV group as compared to the control group. Fever, bleeding and rupture of the membrane were similar between groups.Conclusion: Stripping membrane is a safe technique to induce labor and treat post term pregnancy, while it is associated with a fewer number of complications.

CCD Camera is a multi-spectral sensor placed on CBERS02 satellite platform. The imaging technique in this sensor is pushbroom. There are some vertical noises in the images captured by this sensor all because of unadjustment between different adjacent detectors in the CCD-Camera sensor, internal changes in detectors, mis-calibration and low values of signal to noise ratios. These noises for homogeneous surfaces in level2 products are more profound. The presence of these noises in the images renders correct interpretation and extraction of information hard. In this study, for correction of noise a method based on the spatial momentum adjustment is introduced. In the proposed method the statistical momentums such as mean and standard deviation of the column in each band are used for stabilization of the statistical characteristics of the detector array to their reference values. In the simulated image for vertical noise, 97% accuracy in denoising was achieved. Moreover 16% increase of the image quality in band1 and 19% in band2 shows the acceptable performance of the method in denoising. Also by implementing the method on band1 and 2 images, the standard deviation decreased from 9.47 to 9.01 and 5.72 to 5.25 respectively. This proves that the method was a success.

Introduction: Cochlear dead zones are defined as areas where the inner hair cells have been destroyed.Thresholds on the audiograms show the integrity of those parts of the ear that are tested. Care must be taken in interpretating audiograms. Thanks to the advances in understanding of cochlear functions, it is now possible to spot false responses that come from dead zones of the cochlea. Recently, cochlear dead regions have been detected via TEN (Threshold Equalizing Noise) test in which ipsilateral broadband noise and threshold shifting are used.Materials and Methods: A review of the literature on the subject of dead zones published from 1993 to 2003 was performed using Pubmed, Ebsco, Science Direct, Google Scholar Thieme ProQuest databases and library sources. key word: were "cochlear dead zone", "traveling wave", "ten (threshold equalizing noise) test", "ipsilateral noise" and "real-ear measurement for hearing aids prescription".Conclusion: Hearing aids fitting process for patients with severe and sloping sensory neural hearing loss must be noted specially by amplifying active zone and avoiding amplification for dead region i.e., offering amplification to the transition frequencies that have better hearing than others, those among the fine regions and the dead zones. Dead zone detection may help in hearing aids fitting and fine tuning.

In this paper, a new method for extending and relaxing the noise-coupling (NC) technique is proposed to enhance the noise-shaping order without adding the number of integrators. The noise-shaping order of the introduced ∑∆ modulator whit applying a second-order noise-coupling technique is enhanced and its performance with optimizing the noise transfer function (NTF) zeros is improved. Also, by removing the analog adder at feedforward path and transferring it to a new feedback branch before the last integrator and adding second-order NC path can be decreased the input voltage swing to the quantizer. Thus, by improving the modulator resolution, power consumption can be reduced. Mathematical analyses and behavioural simulation results confirm the effectiveness of the new NC method. To examine its performance, a 2nd-order single loop ΣΔ modulator was designed. The new noise-coupling method is used to achieve the three-order noise shaping to increase the resolution with low complexity and low-power. The results show an outstanding improvement in signal-to-noise and distortion ratio (SNDR) compared to the conventional structure.

In this research, effects of striping frequency on eyed eggs rate and sperm parameters quality in 3+ year’s age of male Oncorhynchus mykiss were investigated. Broodstock males were allocated randomly in three groups for stripping interval at weekly, 10 day or biweekly. Results show that duration of sperm motility in weekly striped males was the highest about 26.5±1.2 second. Also sperm density rate in weekly striped males had lowest amount about 38±0.9 %. Besides eyed-egg stage rate in weekly striped males had lower rate about 80.6±1.1 % which had significant difference compare to others group. Final conclusion revealed that in frequent stripping from 3 years male broodstock, weekly stripping were resulted to lower sperm quality. But when this period excess to biweekly interval, the brooder will have enough time to reproduce higher quality sperm through spermatogenesis approach.

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE: Noise-induced hearing loss remains as the most common problem in industrial societies. This research was conducted to study noise-induced hearing loss by distortion-product otoacoustic emissions (DPOAEs).METHODS: This study was carried out on 12 male New Zealand White rabbits including control (exposed to noise) and experimental (exposed to 95 dBA SPL white noise at 500-8000 Hz for 8 hours per day during 5 consecutive days). DPOAEs were measured and compared in days zero (before exposure as baseline), eighth (experimental: an hour after latest exposure to noise for Temporary Threshold Shifts: TTS), tenth (experimental: 48 hours after latest exposure to noise for Permanent Threshold Shifts: PTSs).FINDINGS: The most and the least values of TTSs, PTSs and DPOAEs amplitude in noise group were correspond to frequencies of 5888.50 Hz and 588.00 Hz, respectively (p<0.05). There was a significant difference between TTSs, PTSs and DPOAEs amplitude at different frequencies in right and left ear of noise group (p<0.05). This difference was related to frequency 5888.5 Hz in each of right and left ear of noise group compared to other frequencies in same ear (p<0.05). There were not any significant difference between TTSs, PTSs and DPOAEs amplitude of right and left ear of noise group at different frequencies (p>0.05).CONCLUSION: Excessive noise can cause TTSs and noise-induced PTSs and decreased DPOAEs amplitudes. Therefore, DPOAEs can be attributed as a useful tool for study of noise-induced hearing loss.

In this paper, a novel LNA design based on improved noise cancellation technique in the frequency range of 27 to 31 GHz.is presented The proposed LNA is suitable for millimeter wave 5G wireless communication. The first stage of this two-stage LNA is designed with noise cancelation approach to decrease the noise figure of the system. In order to improve the design method, we utilizes a negative feedback by implementing a couple inductor with a transformer connection. The negative feedback provides an acceptable input matching and control the gain to increase the band width. The cascode structure is used in the second stage for its higher gain and stability and better reverse isolation at millimeter wave frequency. Furthermore, an inductor is utilized to boost the gain with neutralizing the capacitance of node between two transistors in a cascode structure. The CMOS silicon on insulator (SOI) is utilized to provide a high level of integration and low power consumption with the minimum cost. The proposed LNA is designed with 130 nm CMOS technology and has 22.14 dB gain with 1.86 dB noise figure at 29 GHz. The 3-dB bandwidth of the designed LNA is 4 GHz (14%) and its DC power consumption is 33.4 mW. The IIP3 is -16dBm and input reflection coefficient is better than -10dBm in the frequency range of interest. The proposed LNA is simulated by ADS software.